{
  "title": "从起源到当代：茶叶与茶文化的四十个关键节点",
  "intro": "这是一部以中国茶史为主线、连接东亚和全球的阶段性通史。它追踪一片叶子怎样成为饮品、知识、礼仪、商品与全球产业，同时保留起源争议和不同人群的经验。",
  "checkedOn": "2026-10-12",
  "scopeNote": "“完整”指连续解释从起源问题到当代的主要变迁，不声称囊括所有地区与茶品。最早发现不等于真正起点；自然史、栽培、食药与饮茶不可互相替代。世纪范围用于展示阶段，不能当作每项技艺的创制区间。早期文本的成书、流传和所述事件年代须分开；现代科学和非遗认定不会替古代故事提供追溯性证明。",
  "stages": [
    {
      "id": "origins",
      "title": "一、起源的不同层次",
      "period": "自然史与史前线索",
      "summary": "先把茶树、栽培、食药利用和饮茶分开，再辨别考古、遗传模型和文化传说。茶的真正起点早于现存证据的可能性不能被排除。"
    },
    {
      "id": "early_evidence",
      "title": "二、从战国秦汉到六朝",
      "period": "前5世纪—6世纪",
      "summary": "实物、家内采购记载与早期文献逐渐可相互参照。茶已进入上层消费、跨区域交换和待客文化，但饮法与社会覆盖仍不一致。"
    },
    {
      "id": "tang_song",
      "title": "三、唐宋知识化与东亚交流",
      "period": "8—14世纪",
      "summary": "《茶经》使制饮知识成体系，宋代点茶与茶器美学进一步发展。寺院、市场和国家制度共同推动传播，高丽、日本形成各自的实践。"
    },
    {
      "id": "ming_qing",
      "title": "四、明清叶茶与地方茶文化",
      "period": "14世纪末—19世纪",
      "summary": "贡茶制度、叶茶泡饮、地方制法和新茶器彼此影响；侘茶、煎茶、工夫茶、奶茶等展现不同地区对茶的重新组织。"
    },
    {
      "id": "global_trade",
      "title": "五、全球贸易与消费政治",
      "period": "17世纪—19世纪前期",
      "summary": "海路和中蒙俄陆路把茶送往更广世界。新茶具、糖消费与社交礼仪相互塑造，也把茶卷入殖民劳动、税权和政治冲突。"
    },
    {
      "id": "industrial",
      "title": "六、殖民产业与工业技术",
      "period": "19世纪—20世纪中叶",
      "summary": "印度、锡兰、肯尼亚等产地兴起，种植园与劳工制度重塑供应。蒸汽运输、袋泡设计和机械制茶改变成本、形态与消费节奏。"
    },
    {
      "id": "modern",
      "title": "七、科研、标准与新饮茶场景",
      "period": "20世纪后半叶—2017年",
      "summary": "茶学科研、产品标准与加工创新并进；熟茶、即饮茶和现制调饮扩展选择，传统茶席并未因此消失。"
    },
    {
      "id": "contemporary",
      "title": "八、传承与可持续的当代",
      "period": "2019—2026年资料截点",
      "summary": "国际茶日与遗产保护把生产者、技艺和生态放在共同视野中。产业规模、气候适应与小农生计共同构成当代茶文化的现实。"
    }
  ],
  "nodes": [
    {
      "id": "tea-time-01",
      "title": "先有茶树，后有人类茶文化",
      "periodLabel": "人类利用以前：自然史与驯化问题",
      "startYear": null,
      "endYear": null,
      "stageId": "origins",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "印度",
        "东南亚"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "interpretation",
      "tags": [
        "植物",
        "栽培",
        "证据"
      ],
      "summary": "茶树的演化、野生分布、人类栽培与饮茶，是四个不同的问题。不能用古树树龄或遗传分化年代替代饮茶起点。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "植物与栽培",
          "text": "茶树是山茶属植物，适应酸性土壤与森林生境。人类后来选择、繁殖和传播种质，才形成今天的栽培资源。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_kew_botany"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "研究怎样回答起源",
          "text": "2018年遗传研究提出中国小叶型、中国阿萨姆型和印度阿萨姆型的多个驯化中心假说，并发现长期杂交。它描述的是种质历史，不是某人某年发明饮茶。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_domestication"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "没有可靠证据给茶树物种起源或人类最初利用指定一个公历年份。不同样本与模型可能产生不同驯化解释。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_kew_botany",
        "th_domestication"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-02",
      "title": "田螺山：早期茶树利用的考古线索",
      "periodLabel": "新石器时代，约前4000年",
      "startYear": -4200,
      "endYear": -3800,
      "stageId": "origins",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "archaeology",
      "tags": [
        "考古",
        "栽培"
      ],
      "summary": "浙江余姚田螺山出土约6000年前的山茶属茶种根系，被部分考古与博物馆研究解释为人工栽培遗存。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "证据能说明什么",
          "text": "这一发现把讨论推进到史前植物利用与栽培。但根系、种植排列和同层陶器，并不能直接告诉我们叶片是食用、药用还是泡饮。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_dpm_origins"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "“约前4000年”为约数展示区间，不是精确栽种年；人工栽培解释仍应与原始鉴定方法、地层和其他研究对读。不能直接写成6000年前已有可确证的日常饮茶。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_dpm_origins"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-03",
      "title": "神农尝茶：文化起源的传说",
      "periodLabel": "传统纪年：前2737年；并非实证日期",
      "startYear": -2737,
      "endYear": -2737,
      "stageId": "origins",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "legend",
      "tags": [
        "传说",
        "文化",
        "食药"
      ],
      "summary": "神农发现茶、尝草解毒的故事，是后世把茶的起源归于文化英雄的叙事。前2737年是流传的传统日期。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "它在茶文化中的位置",
          "text": "这类故事表达古人对草木、农耕和医药起源的理解；《茶经》也承接了神农起源说。故事的文化影响可以讨论，但其中的年代不能与考古测年等量齐观。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_origin_review",
            "th_chajing"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "没有神农时代的同时代记录可以核实此事；不能据传说认定茶能解毒或治疗疾病。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_origin_review",
        "th_dpm_origins",
        "th_chajing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-04",
      "title": "邹城战国墓：碗中茶渣指向煮泡",
      "periodLabel": "战国早期，约前5—前4世纪",
      "startYear": -475,
      "endYear": -375,
      "stageId": "early_evidence",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "archaeology",
      "tags": [
        "考古",
        "饮法"
      ],
      "summary": "山东邹城邾国故城西岗墓地的碗内炭化遗存，经2021年论文综合分析，被解释为古人煮或泡过的茶残渣。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "饮法与检测",
          "text": "研究结合钙植硅体、红外光谱与质谱，并与现代茶及茶渣比较；多项结果共同支持茶渣判断。这比单靠器形猜测“茶具”更接近实际使用证据。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_warring"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "年代来自墓葬文化分期，约数不等于茶叶自身精确测年；无法还原投茶量、调料或饮用频率。早期已知证据不等于真实起点。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_warring"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-05",
      "title": "秦取巴蜀：传播解释与史料年代要分开",
      "periodLabel": "前316年事件；后世对茶传播的追述",
      "startYear": -316,
      "endYear": -316,
      "stageId": "early_evidence",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "interpretation",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "文献",
        "证据"
      ],
      "summary": "秦占领巴蜀改变了政治与交通联系，常被用来解释茶向外传播。但“秦取蜀后始有茗饮”的说法是后世史家归纳。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "怎样读秦汉材料",
          "text": "顾炎武的概括可以作为历史解释，不能当作前316年的饮茶现场记录。先秦文献中的“荼”也可能指苦菜等植物，必须结合语境辨认。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_qin_retrospective",
            "th_dpm_ming"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不把秦取蜀写成饮茶发明日或首次传播日；秦代直接、明确的饮茶资料仍有限。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_qin_retrospective",
        "th_dpm_ming"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-06",
      "title": "汉阳陵：茶进入帝陵随葬品",
      "periodLabel": "西汉，前2世纪",
      "startYear": -200,
      "endYear": -100,
      "stageId": "early_evidence",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "archaeology",
      "tags": [
        "考古",
        "消费",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "汉阳陵外藏坑植物遗存经显微与化学分析被识别为茶，为西汉上层社会使用茶提供了重要实物依据。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "从遗存看消费",
          "text": "2016年论文把这些细嫩茶芽与宫廷饮茶联系起来。墓葬保存了茶的存在，却不像杯碗内煮泡残渣那样直接显示制饮过程。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_han_tibet",
            "th_warring"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不把随葬茶自动解释成全国日常饮料；论文当年“最早实物”的表述须放回2016年，不能忽略后来公布的战国发现。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_han_tibet",
        "th_warring"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-07",
      "title": "《僮约》：茶的购买与家内劳作",
      "periodLabel": "西汉前59年，传世文本所记",
      "startYear": -59,
      "endYear": -59,
      "stageId": "early_evidence",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "文献",
        "产业",
        "饮法"
      ],
      "summary": "王褒《僮约》将烹茶备具和到武阳买茶列入仆役事务，显示茶已进入家内服务和商品交换。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "文化与市场",
          "text": "这段带有文学色彩的契约式文字，比把所有“荼”字都认作茶更明确；它呈现的是采购、准备、饮用相连接的生活情境。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_dpm_origins",
            "th_han_tibet"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "现存的是传世文本，并非前59年的原件；只能说明所记时代已有此类活动，不能证明武阳是世界首个茶市场。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_dpm_origins",
        "th_han_tibet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-08",
      "title": "阿里茶遗存：茶已到达不产茶的高原",
      "periodLabel": "约公元2—3世纪",
      "startYear": 100,
      "endYear": 300,
      "stageId": "early_evidence",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "青藏高原"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "archaeology",
      "tags": [
        "考古",
        "传播",
        "贸易"
      ],
      "summary": "西藏阿里故如甲木墓地发现茶遗存。当地高寒环境不适合种茶，因此研究者把它视为输入品与跨区域交换线索。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "传播与限度",
          "text": "2016年论文据遗存、测年和伴出物，提出约1800年前茶已抵达西藏西部，并讨论横穿高原的丝路支线。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_han_tibet"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不能据此确定每一段运输路线，也不能把这条早期交换线直接等同于后世川藏、滇藏茶马古道；更不能据遗存重建酥油茶配方。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_han_tibet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-09",
      "title": "魏晋南北朝：食饮、药用观念与待客并行",
      "periodLabel": "3—6世纪",
      "startYear": 200,
      "endYear": 600,
      "stageId": "early_evidence",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "工艺",
        "文化",
        "食药"
      ],
      "summary": "传世文献中的茶，既可制饼、捣碎、调入葱姜等，也进入待客、节俭和清谈的文化表达。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "饮法与工艺",
          "text": "《茶经》转引《广雅》等材料，记录采叶作饼、炙烤、捣末和加香料的方式。不同食饮法同时存在，不能排成人人都经历过的“先药后食再饮”单线阶段。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_chajing"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "社会与观念",
          "text": "《茶经》收录以茶果待客的晋人故事，反映后世保存的俭约理想；其中提神或疗效说法属于古代知识史。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_chajing"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不少早期文献靠后世引文保存，叙事可信度须分别判断；这里不把古代医药说法转换成现代健康建议。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_chajing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-10",
      "title": "陆羽《茶经》：把制饮实践写成知识体系",
      "periodLabel": "唐代8世纪中后期",
      "startYear": 750,
      "endYear": 790,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "工艺",
        "饮法",
        "文化",
        "文献"
      ],
      "summary": "《茶经》把产地、采制、器具、用水和饮法汇为系统著述，使饮茶技术与审美有了可传播、可讨论的文本。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "饮法与工艺",
          "text": "书中代表性的制法是采叶、蒸、捣、压模、焙干等；饮前炙饼、碾筛，再把茶末投入水中煎煮分饮，强调火候与汤花。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_chajing"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "文化变化",
          "text": "国博将定稿约置于8世纪70年代前后。重要的不是给它强定一个出版日，而是它使选茶、择器和品饮成为相连的知识体系。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_nmc_luyu"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "《茶经》有形成与修订过程；其理想程式不代表所有唐人日常都照做，散茶和其他饮法也存在。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_chajing",
        "th_nmc_luyu"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-11",
      "title": "唐代后期：寺院、市井与茶税相连",
      "periodLabel": "8世纪后期—9世纪；793年茶税节点",
      "startYear": 780,
      "endYear": 900,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "产业",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "茶在南北传播，与僧侣活动、城镇供饮和政府财政日益相连，逐渐超出少数士人的雅好。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "传播与日用",
          "text": "国博的历史梳理指出，北方禅寺及学禅群体推动饮茶风气；茶的消费扩大，也为茶具生产和城市交易带来需求。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_nmc_luyu"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "制度与产业",
          "text": "地方志记录793年按等级估价、十税一的茶税安排。茶已成为可被系统征税的商品，税制与贡茶又是不同层面的国家介入。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_tax793"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "茶税经历尝试、停征和恢复，793年不宜被写成一切茶税的绝对开端；普及也有明显地域差异。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_nmc_luyu",
        "th_tax793"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-12",
      "title": "平安日本：僧侣与宫廷接纳茶",
      "periodLabel": "9世纪，以815年记载为代表",
      "startYear": 800,
      "endYear": 899,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "日本"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "饮法",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "赴唐僧侣和使节将茶及相关知识带入日本。815年永忠为嵯峨天皇奉茶，是日本早期茶史的著名记载。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "传播不是一次完成",
          "text": "早期茶与寺院、宫廷联系紧密，随后又经历新的种子、制法和仪式交流。不能把这一次奉茶等同于后来完整的日本茶道。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_japan_early"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "本节点采用地方政府历史概述所据的早期文献事件；不指定所有茶种或所有饮茶人群同时出现的年份。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_japan_early"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-14",
      "title": "高丽：茶礼、青瓷与茶馆生活",
      "periodLabel": "10—14世纪，高丽时期",
      "startYear": 918,
      "endYear": 1392,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "朝鲜半岛"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "器物",
        "文化",
        "传播"
      ],
      "summary": "高丽茶文化把茶作为王室礼物和仪式用品，也发展出青瓷茶具与茶馆交游，显示东亚传播中的本地创造。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "饮法与工艺",
          "text": "韩国国立中央博物馆记述：茶砖可磨末后煮饮，或在热水中击拂出沫；政府参与种植和生产管理，茶器也随需求变化。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_korea_goryeo"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "社会与文化",
          "text": "博物馆展览把茶馆呈现为旅人停歇和文人、官员相聚的空间，茶并非只存在于寺庙与宫廷。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_korea_teahouses"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "高丽是本节点观察的时期，并不是朝鲜半岛最初接触茶的年代；具体器物用途仍须看铭文和出土情境。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_korea_goryeo",
        "th_korea_teahouses"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-13",
      "title": "宋代点茶：茶末、汤花与黑釉盏",
      "periodLabel": "10—13世纪",
      "startYear": 960,
      "endYear": 1279,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "工艺",
        "器物",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "宋代精致茶文化强调在盏中调茶末、注汤击拂；斗茶对汤色与泡沫的欣赏，又改变了人们对茶盏的选择。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "饮法与器物",
          "text": "蔡襄《茶录》所代表的点茶讲究粉末、注水和击拂。黑釉建盏衬托浅色汤花，但青瓷、白瓷也继续使用，煎茶并未一夜消失。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_song_bowls"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "文化变化",
          "text": "茶具与操作不只为解渴服务，也进入文人诗词、鉴赏和竞技。贡茶的精工与普通家庭饮茶，需要分层理解。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_song_bowls"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "点茶在唐末五代已有前身；宋代文献所谓“白茶”不可直接认成今天以萎凋、干燥为核心的白茶类别。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_song_bowls"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-15",
      "title": "宋代茶马贸易：需求、军备与边地联系",
      "periodLabel": "11—13世纪",
      "startYear": 1000,
      "endYear": 1279,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "青藏高原"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "贸易",
        "产业",
        "传播"
      ],
      "summary": "四川茶区与云南、青海、西藏、甘肃间的交易更加活跃。茶既是生活物资，也进入国家获得马匹的制度安排。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "产业与交往",
          "text": "成都博物馆梳理了宋代官方与民间并存的茶马交易：种茶、收购、运输和边地市场相互带动。贸易网络连接不同生态区与人群。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_tea_horse"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "“茶马古道”概括的是多条、长期变化的道路；不能画成一条固定线路，也不宜只写浪漫马帮而忽略制度、军备和交易利益。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_tea_horse"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-16",
      "title": "荣西与《吃茶养生记》：日本茶知识再组织",
      "periodLabel": "12世纪末—13世纪初；1211年成书",
      "startYear": 1190,
      "endYear": 1214,
      "stageId": "tang_song",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "日本"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "文献",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "荣西往来宋日后，推动新的饮茶知识传播；1211年《吃茶养生记》把茶纳入当时的身心养生论述。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "文化与饮法",
          "text": "东洋文库说明这部书所谈的主要是粉末茶及其当时被赋予的功效。它让制饮与僧侣修行、身体观念紧密相连。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_eisai"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "这里的养生观念属于历史材料，不证明治病疗效；荣西是重要推动者，不能因此抹去日本更早的饮茶。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_eisai",
        "th_japan_early"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-17",
      "title": "1391年贡茶改革：由龙团转向芽茶",
      "periodLabel": "明洪武二十四年，1391年",
      "startYear": 1391,
      "endYear": 1391,
      "stageId": "ming_qing",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "产业",
        "工艺",
        "饮法"
      ],
      "summary": "明太祖停造龙团贡茶，改以芽茶进贡，是宫廷取茶方向转变的重要节点。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "制度与日常",
          "text": "这项贡茶调整与叶茶泡饮日益受重视相联系，但散茶早已存在。宫廷改革推动风尚，民间工艺与消费则逐步变化。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_npm_asia",
            "th_chajing"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不能写成1391年发明散茶、全国同时废饼茶，或一道命令立即完成“废蒸改炒”。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_npm_asia",
        "th_chajing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-18",
      "title": "明代叶茶泡饮：观看叶形，也经营茶席",
      "periodLabel": "15—17世纪",
      "startYear": 1400,
      "endYear": 1644,
      "stageId": "ming_qing",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "器物",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "芽叶泡饮渐成重要风尚，品茶关注叶形、香气、茶汤与清幽环境，茶壶和小杯的组合越来越突出。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "饮法与器物",
          "text": "紫砂壶随明代散茶瀹泡的兴盛进入文人品茗，延续到清宫。器物的容量、出汤与观赏价值，与饮法共同演变。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_yixing"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "文化变化",
          "text": "故宫展览指出，明人茶书和茶空间强调同饮者、自然环境与心境。这是社会审美的发展，不是所有饮茶都遵守的统一仪式。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_dpm_ming"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "采用世纪范围，不指定紫砂壶的唯一发明者或发明年；文人图像也不能代表全体社会的茶生活。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_yixing",
        "th_dpm_ming"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-19",
      "title": "16世纪日本茶会：从唐物珍玩到侘茶",
      "periodLabel": "16世纪",
      "startYear": 1500,
      "endYear": 1599,
      "stageId": "ming_qing",
      "regions": [
        "日本",
        "中国",
        "朝鲜半岛"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "文化",
        "器物",
        "饮法"
      ],
      "summary": "茶会成为日本武士、统治者和富商建立关系的场合；千利休等茶人又重新评价朴拙器物与简素空间。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "文化与器物",
          "text": "大都会博物馆把这一变化描述为：珍贵中国旧器之外，朝鲜与日本的日常形制也被选入茶会，形成重视自然、不完美与节制的审美。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_japan_chanoyu"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "茶道是多代茶人和社会环境共同形成的传统；不能说千利休独自发明饮茶，或把今天所有流派规矩投射到16世纪。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_japan_chanoyu"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-20",
      "title": "明清至近代：地方工艺逐渐分化",
      "periodLabel": "16—19世纪，持续演变",
      "startYear": 1500,
      "endYear": 1899,
      "stageId": "ming_qing",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "interpretation",
      "tags": [
        "工艺",
        "产业",
        "茶类"
      ],
      "summary": "叶茶生产、地域风味和贸易需求相互影响，多种加工传统逐渐形成。现代六大茶类，是对这些差异的归纳。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "工艺与产区",
          "text": "博物馆研究将明清芽叶冲泡、闽赣皖等地加工变化和清代地方名茶格局联系起来。散茶的地方制法和品饮偏好逐渐丰富，各茶类的形成须分别追溯。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_fermentation_history",
            "th_dpm_ming"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "怎样理解六大茶类",
          "text": "UNESCO记录现存绿、黄、黑、白、乌龙和红茶传统，说明今天的多样性；这个名单不能反过来证明某一年六类已经同时定型。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "c_unesco"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "本节点是跨地区过程的归纳，不设六类共同诞生年；古代同名“白茶”“红茶”未必对应现代工艺类别。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_fermentation_history",
        "th_dpm_ming",
        "c_unesco"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-24",
      "title": "万里茶道：中蒙俄之间的陆上网络",
      "periodLabel": "17世纪—20世纪初",
      "startYear": 1600,
      "endYear": 1910,
      "stageId": "global_trade",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "蒙古",
        "俄罗斯",
        "欧洲"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "贸易",
        "产业"
      ],
      "summary": "与海上茶运并行，茶通过中国、蒙古和俄罗斯之间的陆路网络流通，驼队、驿站和商镇支撑长途交换。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "贸易与地方社会",
          "text": "蒙古提交的万里茶道遗产资料呈现了路线上的运输站、用水设施和商贸聚落。茶运输促进商业与文化往来，路线也随交通技术改变。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_great_tea_route"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "本节点概括多条分支及多个时代，不使用一条线覆盖所有运输；蒙古段2025年进入的是UNESCO预备清单，不是正式世界遗产。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_great_tea_route"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-21",
      "title": "海路输入欧洲：茶与一套新器物同行",
      "periodLabel": "17世纪，约1610年起",
      "startYear": 1610,
      "endYear": 1699,
      "stageId": "global_trade",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "荷兰",
        "英国",
        "北美"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "贸易",
        "器物"
      ],
      "summary": "荷兰商人约在1610年前后将茶输入欧洲；17世纪中叶，伦敦咖啡馆和北美殖民地也出现茶消费。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "消费与文化",
          "text": "大都会博物馆以家产清单和茶器说明，茶随英、荷殖民移民进入北美，茶壶、糖碗、奶罐等逐渐构成新的饮茶组合。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_europe_met"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "传播的节奏",
          "text": "英国皇家收藏记录1650年代咖啡馆供茶。茶先以新奇、昂贵的商品受到注意，之后才逐步进入更广的家庭生活。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_britain_rct"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "约1610年是海上输入的代表节点，不等于此前欧洲绝无人知道茶；各国与阶层的普及时间不同。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_europe_met",
        "th_britain_rct"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-22",
      "title": "清代至民初：叶茶、奶茶与城市公共空间",
      "periodLabel": "17世纪—20世纪初",
      "startYear": 1644,
      "endYear": 1911,
      "stageId": "ming_qing",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "蒙古高原",
        "青藏高原"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "文化",
        "器物"
      ],
      "summary": "清代延续叶茶泡饮，也保留奶茶等多种传统。从宫廷宴饮到清末民初的城市茶馆，茶进入不同层次的社会交往。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "宫廷与族群交往",
          "text": "清宫接待蒙古贵族、藏传佛教高僧的宴饮中有奶茶；盖碗和各式奶茶器见于收藏，提示饮法从未只有一种。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_npm_asia"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "城市与日常",
          "text": "成都博物馆的材料显示，20世纪初茶馆已深嵌当地商业与日常生活，既能休憩聊天，也能洽谈交易、获取消息。茶史同样属于这些普通人的公共空间。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "rc_chengdu_teahouse"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不把宫廷奶茶器直接当作所有家庭习俗的证据，也不将清代奶茶等同于当代含糖奶茶饮料。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_npm_asia",
        "rc_chengdu_teahouse"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-23",
      "title": "叶茶继续东传：日本煎茶与台湾工夫茶",
      "periodLabel": "17—19世纪",
      "startYear": 1650,
      "endYear": 1899,
      "stageId": "ming_qing",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "日本",
        "中国台湾",
        "东南亚"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "传播",
        "饮法",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "明清沿海移民、商人和僧侣传播叶茶饮法，各地在既有传统上继续改造茶器与茶席。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "日本的另一条路径",
          "text": "17世纪赴长崎的商人、隐元等带来福建式叶茶饮法与宜兴茶器，之后发展出不同于抹茶茶会的煎茶文化。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_npm_asia"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "台湾的地方发展",
          "text": "闽粤移民带来工夫茶传统，茶种、制法与贸易又推动台湾乌龙茶发展。传播包括种植和饮法，也包含当地持续的选择。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_npm_asia"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "这是多次交流与地方发展的过程；不把今日固定茶席仪式全部倒推至明末清初。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_npm_asia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-25",
      "title": "茶与糖：英国日常消费背后的殖民劳动",
      "periodLabel": "18世纪—19世纪前期",
      "startYear": 1700,
      "endYear": 1830,
      "stageId": "global_trade",
      "regions": [
        "英国",
        "加勒比地区"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "文化",
        "贸易",
        "劳工"
      ],
      "summary": "茶、咖啡等苦味饮料的流行扩大了糖需求，也使欧洲茶桌与加勒比种植园的奴隶劳动发生联系。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "消费与伦理",
          "text": "V&A收藏的反奴隶制糖碗，把优雅茶桌背后的生产条件带到家庭视野；1790年代及1820年代的抵制糖运动，显示饮食消费也能成为政治表达。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_sugar_slavery"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "这里讨论的是英国茶糖消费链，不能把所有茶叶种植制度统称奴隶制；不同地区的奴役、契约劳动与雇佣关系需要分别说明。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_sugar_slavery"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-26",
      "title": "波士顿毁茶：茶卷入税权与殖民政治",
      "periodLabel": "1773年12月16日",
      "startYear": 1773,
      "endYear": 1773,
      "stageId": "global_trade",
      "regions": [
        "北美",
        "英国",
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "贸易",
        "政治",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "1773年波士顿毁茶把一种日常商品变成政治抗议对象，背景涉及议会税权、东印度公司销售安排与殖民地商业利益。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "事件为何重要",
          "text": "美国国家公园管理局的时间线指出，茶法给予东印度公司特殊销售地位；毁茶后殖民地内部也有支持与反对，事件进一步加深冲突。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_boston"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不能简化成“因为茶太贵”或“饮茶直接引发独立战争”；它是更长政治对抗中的重要事件。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_boston"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-27",
      "title": "阿萨姆与印度茶业：本土知识和殖民扩张",
      "periodLabel": "19世纪30—50年代",
      "startYear": 1830,
      "endYear": 1859,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "印度",
        "中国",
        "英国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "栽培",
        "产业",
        "贸易",
        "劳工"
      ],
      "summary": "阿萨姆当地Singpho群体已有种茶知识；英国殖民机构在1834年前后加紧调查、组织生产，印度茶产业随后扩张。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "知识与技术",
          "text": "Kew记述曼尼拉姆向Bruce介绍本地茶，以及1848年东印度公司雇福琼赴华获取茶种与技术。印度茶业不能只归功于外来“发现者”。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_india_kew"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "劳工与制度",
          "text": "阿萨姆茶园依赖招募和管理劳工的制度。英国图书馆保存1901年劳工迁移法及1906年调查等档案，提醒产业史还须追问工人的条件和权利。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_assam_labour_archive"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "目录只证明档案存在，未据未读全文编造工资、死亡率或全部茶园的统一状况；福琼并不是印度种茶的唯一来源。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_india_kew",
        "th_assam_labour_archive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-28",
      "title": "鸦片战争：茶贸易处于更大的帝国冲突中",
      "periodLabel": "1839—1842年；1856—1860年",
      "startYear": 1839,
      "endYear": 1860,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "英国",
        "印度"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "贸易",
        "政治",
        "产业"
      ],
      "summary": "茶贸易、白银流动、印度鸦片生产与走私构成一条相连的经济链；禁烟、贸易权力及帝国扩张又推动冲突。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "档案如何解释关联",
          "text": "英国国家档案馆把东印度公司1830年对华贸易账目与1836年鸦片问题文件并列，呈现商品利益与中国禁烟政策的紧张关系。战争与不平等条约改变了港口和贸易条件。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_opium_archives"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "茶需求是经济背景之一，不能写成战争的唯一原因，更不能把侵略解释为满足饮茶的必然结果。两次战争各有具体政治进程。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_opium_archives"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-29",
      "title": "锡兰转向茶业：庄园、拍卖和南印度劳工",
      "periodLabel": "1867年起至19世纪末",
      "startYear": 1867,
      "endYear": 1900,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "斯里兰卡",
        "印度",
        "英国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "产业",
        "工艺",
        "劳工"
      ],
      "summary": "锡兰在19世纪后期由咖啡主导转向大规模茶业；商业茶园、加工、经纪和拍卖共同塑造新的出口产业。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "产业转向",
          "text": "锡兰茶博物馆将1867年Loolecondera商业种茶列为产业节点；咖啡病害随后加速转种。茶叶局记载Taylor已在1866年试验萎凋，说明制茶还伴随长期技术学习。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_srilanka_1867",
            "th_srilanka_timeline"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "谁支撑了产量",
          "text": "斯里兰卡茶叶局记述南印度裔契约劳工的重要作用。茶园全年用工改变了此前咖啡季节性迁移模式，劳动者及其家庭成为当地社会的一部分。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_srilanka_labour"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "茶叶局回顾是制度与产业概述，不意味着不同庄园待遇相同；不能只讲庄园主创业而省略劳动和迁移代价。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_srilanka_1867",
        "th_srilanka_timeline",
        "th_srilanka_labour"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-30",
      "title": "运茶船竞速到蒸汽航运：速度改变市场",
      "periodLabel": "1869年—19世纪后期",
      "startYear": 1869,
      "endYear": 1890,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "英国",
        "埃及"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "贸易",
        "产业",
        "运输"
      ],
      "summary": "为抢运新茶建造的飞剪船，遇到了苏伊士运河与蒸汽船的竞争。茶的全球流通越来越依靠工业运输。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "一个可核实的例子",
          "text": "Cutty Sark于1869年建造，1870年首航到中国装茶；同在1869年开放的苏伊士运河使蒸汽船获得更短路线，帆船在茶运中的优势逐渐消退。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_cutty_sark"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "技术改变成本和时效，不等于海路从此没有风险；这里以一艘有完整馆藏研究的船说明趋势，不代表所有商路同时更替。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_cutty_sark"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-31",
      "title": "茶袋专利：单杯冲泡进入工业设计",
      "periodLabel": "1901年申请，1903年授权",
      "startYear": 1901,
      "endYear": 1903,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "美国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "器物",
        "产业"
      ],
      "summary": "Roberta C. Lawson和Mary McLaren的茶叶容袋专利，明确提出让一杯茶单独冲泡、减少剩茶浪费。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "设计改变了什么",
          "text": "US723287A以网眼织物容纳茶叶，使水能够流过而叶片留在袋中。这把家庭壶泡的一部分操作变成可制造的便携产品。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_teabag_patent"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "专利可核验申请人与日期，却不等于商业普及立即完成；1908年商人偶然误用样品袋的流行故事，不能取代更早的专利证据。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_teabag_patent"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-32",
      "title": "肯尼亚：从殖民种植到小农产业",
      "periodLabel": "1903年—20世纪60年代",
      "startYear": 1903,
      "endYear": 1969,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "肯尼亚"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "栽培",
        "产业",
        "劳工"
      ],
      "summary": "肯尼亚1903年引入茶树，1924年前后发展商业生产；殖民时期的种植限制与独立后的扩张，使产业结构发生变化。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "生产者怎样改变",
          "text": "肯尼亚茶叶局的历史回顾指出，早期商业茶园由定居者主导、非洲本地农民受限制。独立后本地种茶机会扩大，小农在产业中的角色随之加强。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_kenya"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "这里概括长期转变，不把1963年写成所有小农第一次获准种茶的唯一日期，也不使用规划文件中的未来目标作为成果。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-33",
      "title": "CTC：机械化改变红茶形态",
      "periodLabel": "1930年前后至20世纪中叶",
      "startYear": 1930,
      "endYear": 1959,
      "stageId": "industrial",
      "regions": [
        "印度",
        "全球"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "工艺",
        "产业",
        "饮法"
      ],
      "summary": "CTC机械加工以破碎、撕裂、卷曲处理叶片，形成较细颗粒，为规模化红茶生产提供了不同于传统揉制的路径。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "工艺与推广",
          "text": "阿萨姆开放大学的技术史将McKercher的CTC机置于1930年前后，并指出它没有立即普及；叶片破碎加强后，氧化时间与品质控制也必须调整。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_ctc"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "CTC是加工方法，不是一个独立植物种，也不能用颗粒大小直接判断所有茶的品质；发明、改良与广泛采用并非同一时间。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_ctc"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-34",
      "title": "现代茶学与标准化：从经验到可检验体系",
      "periodLabel": "1958年建所；2014年分类标准",
      "startYear": 1958,
      "endYear": 2014,
      "stageId": "modern",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "科学",
        "标准",
        "产业"
      ],
      "summary": "现代科研把育种、栽培、加工和质量检测连接起来，国家标准又为贸易与产品分类提供公共术语。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "科研基础设施",
          "text": "中国农业科学院茶叶研究所于1958年9月成立；其研究范围覆盖茶树资源改良、种植、加工和质量安全等，反映茶学向综合学科发展。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_tricaas"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "标准化的节点",
          "text": "GB/T 30766—2014《茶叶分类》于2014年发布、实施，当前标准平台标为现行。标准年份是技术文件的时间，不能被当作六大茶类的发明年份。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "s_standard"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "本次核验分类标准的题录与状态，未声称逐条审读全文；科学研究也不能把单一成分机制直接转换成饮茶疗效。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_tricaas",
        "s_standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-35",
      "title": "现代普洱熟茶：人工渥堆的新阶段",
      "periodLabel": "20世纪70年代",
      "startYear": 1970,
      "endYear": 1979,
      "stageId": "modern",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "documented_history",
      "tags": [
        "工艺",
        "产业",
        "茶类"
      ],
      "summary": "云南现代熟茶加工采用人工渥堆，形成与生茶自然陈放不同的技术路径，改变了生产周期和产品风味。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "工艺与边界",
          "text": "农业农村部门网站的技术介绍将现代熟茶起步置于20世纪70年代：以晒青毛茶为原料，控制湿热、翻堆等条件进行后发酵。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "s_puer"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不能把1970年代熟茶工艺倒推到唐代或清代普洱；不同企业试验、定型和推广时间不完全相同，陈化也不保证安全或升值。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "s_puer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-36",
      "title": "1980年代后：罐装茶与珍珠奶茶扩展饮茶场景",
      "periodLabel": "1980年代—2000年代",
      "startYear": 1980,
      "endYear": 2009,
      "stageId": "modern",
      "regions": [
        "日本",
        "中国台湾",
        "全球"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "饮法",
        "工艺",
        "产业",
        "文化"
      ],
      "summary": "茶既可作为保留原味的即饮饮料，也可成为加奶、糖和配料的现制饮品。便携包装与门店消费拓展了传统茶席之外的场景。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "包装与加工",
          "text": "伊藤园企业记录载1980年罐装乌龙茶、1985年罐装绿茶上市，后又推出小容量PET包装。它提供可核实的商业例子，但不独占整个即饮茶历史。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_rtd_itoen"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "混合饮品与文化",
          "text": "台湾历史博物馆的文化记录将珍珠奶茶出现概括为1980年代，核心是奶茶与粉圆的结合。此后不同配料与服务形式继续改变茶饮体验。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_bubbletea"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "不裁定珍珠奶茶首创店家；现制调饮不等于纯茶，也不能从传统饮茶研究直接推导其健康效果。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_rtd_itoen",
        "th_bubbletea"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-37",
      "title": "参考基因组：茶树研究进入分子尺度",
      "periodLabel": "2017年",
      "startYear": 2017,
      "endYear": 2017,
      "stageId": "modern",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "全球"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "科学",
        "栽培",
        "工艺"
      ],
      "summary": "2017年茶树参考基因组研究，为认识风味形成、环境适应与未来育种提供了新的基础资料。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "科学怎样连接茶文化",
          "text": "原论文分析了重复序列丰富的基因组及与儿茶素、咖啡因等代谢有关的基因变化。原料差异的解释由传统经验进一步扩展到可比较的分子证据。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_genome2017"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "参考基因组不是所有品种的完整答案；它不证明某种茶更能治病，也不能替代感官、加工与环境研究。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_genome2017"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-38",
      "title": "国际茶日：把种茶人的生计带入全球议程",
      "periodLabel": "2019年决议，2020年首次联合国纪念",
      "startYear": 2019,
      "endYear": 2020,
      "stageId": "contemporary",
      "regions": [
        "全球"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "产业",
        "文化",
        "可持续"
      ],
      "summary": "联合国大会于2019年通过决议，将5月21日定为国际茶日，2020年首次在这一联合国框架下纪念。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "关注点怎样扩大",
          "text": "国际茶日不仅庆祝茶文化，也强调茶的经济意义、农村生计与可持续价值链。杯中饮品与生产者的劳动、收入和发展机会被放在一起讨论。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_tea_day",
            "th_tea_day_fao"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "此前已有其他日期和民间倡议的茶日；这里专指联合国决议设立的5月21日，并非所有“茶日”的起点。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "th_tea_day",
        "th_tea_day_fao"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-39",
      "title": "活态技艺与文化景观获得国际承认",
      "periodLabel": "2022—2023年",
      "startYear": 2022,
      "endYear": 2023,
      "stageId": "contemporary",
      "regions": [
        "中国"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "文化",
        "遗产",
        "栽培"
      ],
      "summary": "2022年中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗列入UNESCO非遗名录；2023年普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观列入世界遗产。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "2022：保护人的知识与关系",
          "text": "非遗项目涵盖茶园管理、采摘、手工加工、饮用与分享，以及家庭和师徒传承。保护对象是活着的实践与群体，不只是一份茶品清单。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "c_unesco"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "2023：保护人与森林共处的景观",
          "text": "景迈山的遗产价值包含布朗族、傣族社区长期维系的林下种茶、村落、信仰和治理关系，说明茶史也写在生态与土地利用之中。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "c_jingmai"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "列入名录是当代认可与保护节点，不是技艺诞生时间；非遗代表作名录与世界遗产名录属于不同制度。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "c_unesco",
        "c_jingmai"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tea-time-40",
      "title": "当代茶世界：规模、多样消费与可持续难题并存",
      "periodLabel": "2024年资料为主；更新截点2026-10-12",
      "startYear": 2024,
      "endYear": 2026,
      "stageId": "contemporary",
      "regions": [
        "中国",
        "全球"
      ],
      "evidenceKind": "modern_record",
      "tags": [
        "产业",
        "文化",
        "可持续",
        "科学"
      ],
      "summary": "当代茶文化同时连接传统手工、工业饮料和跨国供应链。观察产业不能只看总量，也要看小农、质量与环境压力。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "label": "中国的有年份统计",
          "text": "中国茶叶流通协会2024年调查报告列全国干毛茶产量349.91万吨。这是生产环节和特定年份的统计，不能与零售销量混算，更不是2026年产量。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "c_ctma_2024"
          ]
        },
        {
          "label": "全球共同议题",
          "text": "FAO在2024年茶叶政府间会议中设置小农、贸易质量、农残限量、气候变化和碳足迹议题，显示茶业的未来已与生产者生计及环境治理相连。",
          "sourceIds": [
            "th_fao2024"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "uncertainty": "2026-10-12是本资料核验截点，不虚构“2026年新里程碑”；本节点用已能核实的数据和会议议程描述当前阶段，不冒充全球全量统计。",
      "sourceIds": [
        "c_ctma_2024",
        "th_fao2024"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "s_standard",
      "title": "GB/T 30766—2014 茶叶分类",
      "url": "https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=71F772D7E948D3A7E05397BE0A0AB82A",
      "publisher": "全国标准信息公共服务平台",
      "source_kind": "standard_registry",
      "published_on": "2014-03-27",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "基础信息：2014-03-27发布，2014-10-27实施",
      "scope_note": "本次核对标准题录及现行状态，未把题录当成已逐条阅读的标准全文。 核验标准号、题名、2014年发布实施与现行状态；未把题录当作标准全文。",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "本次核对标准题录及现行状态，未把题录当成已逐条阅读的标准全文。",
        "核验标准号、题名、2014年发布实施与现行状态；未把题录当作标准全文。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_standard_registry",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "s_puer",
      "title": "陈香浓郁是普洱",
      "url": "https://cnafun.moa.gov.cn/zt/gjcr/202005/t20200513_6343917.html",
      "publisher": "中国常驻联合国粮农机构代表团；来源农民日报国际",
      "source_kind": "government_reprint",
      "published_on": "2020-05-10",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "工艺段，第50—51行",
      "scope_note": "只用于原料及生熟工艺差异；不采纳文中的减肥、价格上涨或固定陈放年限说法。 只取20世纪70年代现代熟茶人工渥堆背景与生熟工艺差别，不取减肥、适饮年限或升值表述。 仅采用20世纪70年代现代熟茶人工渥堆背景和生熟工艺差别；不采用减肥、固定适饮年限、长期升值等说法。",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "collection_events": [
        {
          "checked_on": "2026-10-13",
          "access_status": "full_text_read",
          "locator": "生茶与熟茶外形、汤色、香味段",
          "scope_note": "仅支持本条目所列事实，不等于对整篇材料或营销说法背书。"
        }
      ],
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "只用于原料及生熟工艺差异；不采纳文中的减肥、价格上涨或固定陈放年限说法。",
        "只取20世纪70年代现代熟茶人工渥堆背景与生熟工艺差别，不取减肥、适饮年限或升值表述。",
        "仅采用20世纪70年代现代熟茶人工渥堆背景和生熟工艺差别；不采用减肥、固定适饮年限、长期升值等说法。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "officially_hosted_technical_report",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "rc_chengdu_teahouse",
      "title": "成都与茶馆",
      "url": "https://www.cdmuseum.com/xinwen/202011/1687.html",
      "publisher": "成都博物馆",
      "source_kind": "museum_research",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "茶业之兴；茶客众生；1909—1910年行业资料",
      "scope_note": "历史城市生活叙述，不以某一时期数量推出现今数量。 原站正文已读；发布日期按页面显示2019-04-14，不按URL中的202011推断。只采用20世纪前期城市茶馆社会功能，未转抄起源与茶馆数量数据。 20世纪初成都茶馆商业、社交和公共生活；不沿用该页关于西周栽培及秦代传播已获公认的过强概括。",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "published_on": "2019-04-14",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "历史城市生活叙述，不以某一时期数量推出现今数量。",
        "原站正文已读；发布日期按页面显示2019-04-14，不按URL中的202011推断。只采用20世纪前期城市茶馆社会功能，未转抄起源与茶馆数量数据。",
        "20世纪初成都茶馆商业、社交和公共生活；不沿用该页关于西周栽培及秦代传播已获公认的过强概括。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "c_jingmai",
      "title": "Decision 45 COM 8B.9: Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/8390/",
      "publisher": "UNESCO World Heritage Committee",
      "source_kind": "heritage_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "Decision 45 COM 8B.9；Statement of Outstanding Universal Value",
      "scope_note": "2023年景迈山古茶林文化景观列入世界遗产决定；仅指该文化景观，不能外推所有普洱茶。 2023年景迈山古茶林文化景观列入世界遗产；林下种茶、社区和文化景观价值。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "2023年景迈山古茶林文化景观列入世界遗产决定；仅指该文化景观，不能外推所有普洱茶。",
        "2023年景迈山古茶林文化景观列入世界遗产；林下种茶、社区和文化景观价值。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_world_heritage_decision",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "c_unesco",
      "title": "Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China",
      "url": "https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-tea-processing-techniques-and-associated-social-practices-in-china-01884?RL=01884",
      "publisher": "UNESCO",
      "source_kind": "heritage_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "Nomination 01884；Inscribed in 2022",
      "scope_note": "2022年列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，制茶与分享茶的相关社会实践；不是对每个商品品牌的认证。 2022年列入名录；现有六类传统制茶及饮用分享实践。六类是当前归纳，不提供各茶类单一创制年。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "2022年列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，制茶与分享茶的相关社会实践；不是对每个商品品牌的认证。",
        "2022年列入名录；现有六类传统制茶及饮用分享实践。六类是当前归纳，不提供各茶类单一创制年。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_heritage_inscription",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "c_ctma_2024",
      "title": "2024年度中国茶叶产销形势分析报告",
      "url": "https://www.ctma.com.cn/zhuanyebaogao/82470.html",
      "publisher": "中国茶叶流通协会",
      "source_kind": "industry_association_report",
      "published_on": "2025-10-31",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_metadata_read_and_existing_verified_report_values",
      "locator": "已核报告干毛茶产量图页；本次网页发布日期",
      "scope_note": "报告封面标2025年4月，网页发布2025-10-31；核读报告图页1—3。协会调查口径，非国家统计局统计。原图：https://ctma.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/uploads/20251031/5b8d55663989e4ccadd43756cbc027f1.jpg；产量图：https://ctma.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/uploads/20251031/4b2ee2da87fb4118583e2b5896088db7.jpg。 2024年协会调查口径干毛茶总产量349.91万吨；本次重核页面元数据，数值复用既有资料库已核报告图页，不能称2026年产量。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "报告封面标2025年4月，网页发布2025-10-31；核读报告图页1—3。协会调查口径，非国家统计局统计。原图：https://ctma.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/uploads/20251031/5b8d55663989e4ccadd43756cbc027f1.jpg；产量图：https://ctma.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/uploads/20251031/4b2ee2da87fb4118583e2b5896088db7.jpg。",
        "2024年协会调查口径干毛茶总产量349.91万吨；本次重核页面元数据，数值复用既有资料库已核报告图页，不能称2026年产量。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_industry_survey",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_kew_botany",
      "title": "Tea plant — Camellia sinensis",
      "url": "https://www.kew.org/plants/tea-plant",
      "publisher": "Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "Where in the world? / Our work",
      "scope_note": "茶树的植物身份、森林生境及现代栽培；不据该页倒推出饮茶起始年。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "茶树的植物身份、森林生境及现代栽培；不据该页倒推出饮茶起始年。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "botanical_institution",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_domestication",
      "title": "Domestication Origin and Breeding History of the Tea Plant in China and India Based on Nuclear Microsatellites and cpDNA Sequence Data",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5788969/",
      "publisher": "Frontiers in Plant Science；PMC全文库",
      "source_kind": "research_institution_resource",
      "published_on": "2018-01-25",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "Abstract；Demographic modeling；Discussion",
      "scope_note": "研究样本、遗传群体及多中心驯化假说；分化时间是模型推断，并非人类饮茶或栽培的考古日期。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "研究样本、遗传群体及多中心驯化假说；分化时间是模型推断，并非人类饮茶或栽培的考古日期。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "peer_reviewed_original_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_dpm_origins",
      "title": "茶饮有道的历史进程",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/Uploads/File/2023/09/15/u6503cd68bd8a9.pdf",
      "publisher": "故宫博物院院刊；郑培凯",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_passages_read_pdf_fetch_timeout",
      "locator": "2023年第9期，第4—5页",
      "scope_note": "仅使用第4—5页关于传说、王褒《僮约》及田螺山证据边界的论述；不沿用新石器时代已广泛饮茶等更强推论。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅使用第4—5页关于传说、王褒《僮约》及田螺山证据边界的论述；不沿用新石器时代已广泛饮茶等更强推论。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_scholarly_article",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_origin_review",
      "title": "From the Wild to the Cup: Tracking Footprints of the Tea Species in Time and Space",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.706770/full",
      "publisher": "Frontiers in Nutrition",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_passages_read",
      "locator": "Geographical Origin of Tea；Domestication History of Tea",
      "scope_note": "只用于神农前2737年属于传说、起源研究混合不同证据及驯化未定的提醒；不把文中推测当作定年。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "只用于神农前2737年属于传说、起源研究混合不同证据及驯化未定的提醒；不把文中推测当作定年。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "peer_reviewed_review",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_warring",
      "title": "The analysis and identification of charred suspected tea remains unearthed from Warring State Period Tomb",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8368015/",
      "publisher": "Scientific Reports；PMC全文库",
      "source_kind": "research_institution_resource",
      "published_on": "2021-08-16",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_abstract_and_conclusions_read_live_page_captcha",
      "locator": "Abstract；Introduction；Conclusions；DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-95393-w",
      "scope_note": "山东邹城战国早期墓碗内遗存的分析及煮泡后茶渣解释；不能证明世界上第一杯茶，也不能还原完整配方。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "山东邹城战国早期墓碗内遗存的分析及煮泡后茶渣解释；不能证明世界上第一杯茶，也不能还原完整配方。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "peer_reviewed_original_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_han_tibet",
      "title": "Earliest tea as evidence for one branch of the Silk Road across the Tibetan Plateau",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/srep18955",
      "publisher": "Scientific Reports；中国科学院等作者机构",
      "source_kind": "research_institution_resource",
      "published_on": "2016-01-07",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_full_passages_read_direct_fetch_redirect_blocked",
      "locator": "Abstract；Introduction；Discussion；DOI 10.1038/srep18955",
      "scope_note": "汉阳陵与阿里故如甲木遗存的植硅体、化学标志物、测年与运输解释；“最早”是2016年论文发表时的范围。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "汉阳陵与阿里故如甲木遗存的植硅体、化学标志物、测年与运输解释；“最早”是2016年论文发表时的范围。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "peer_reviewed_original_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_qin_retrospective",
      "title": "故宫观茶记：中国茶文化之形成",
      "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/art/detail/id/28262.html",
      "publisher": "中国非物质文化遗产网；转载光明日报，祝勇",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": "2023-10-18",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "茶文化的起源时代，第83—88行",
      "scope_note": "只取秦取蜀与顾炎武追述的关系，以及《广雅》制饮记载；不采纳“世界最早种茶地”等未经独立证实的绝对语句。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "只取秦取蜀与顾炎武追述的关系，以及《广雅》制饮记载；不采纳“世界最早种茶地”等未经独立证实的绝对语句。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_scholar_government_reprint",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_chajing",
      "title": "《茶经》全文",
      "url": "https://agri-history.ihns.ac.cn/books/tea%20book.htm",
      "publisher": "中国科学院自然科学史研究所农业史资料站",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "三之造；五之煮；六之饮；七之事",
      "scope_note": "陆羽文本及其转引古籍：制茶、煎茶、早期食饮和礼仪。古籍转引须与其声称的事件年代分开。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "陆羽文本及其转引古籍：制茶、煎茶、早期食饮和礼仪。古籍转引须与其声称的事件年代分开。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_historical_text_institutional_transcription",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_nmc_luyu",
      "title": "陆羽与“茶经”",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/yj/xscg/xslw/201812/t20181224_33184.shtml",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆；梁丰",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "正文第46—49行",
      "scope_note": "仅取《茶经》约8世纪70年代定稿、结构与禅寺促进饮茶普及的解释；该旧文对最早饮茶的表述已由较新考古研究补充。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅取《茶经》约8世纪70年代定稿、结构与禅寺促进饮茶普及的解释；该旧文对最早饮茶的表述已由较新考古研究补充。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_tax793",
      "title": "鼓楼区志：二、工商各税",
      "url": "https://data.fjdsfzw.org.cn/upload/Annals/HTML/2015/%E9%BC%93%E6%A5%BC%E5%8C%BA%E5%BF%97/8.2.2.2%E4%BA%8C%E3%80%81%E5%B7%A5%E5%95%86%E5%90%84%E7%A8%8E.htm",
      "publisher": "福建省地方志编纂委员会",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_passage_read",
      "locator": "茶税段",
      "scope_note": "仅取贞元九年（793）分等估价、十税一的茶税记述；不称这一年为一切茶税的唯一开端。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅取贞元九年（793）分等估价、十税一的茶税记述；不称这一年为一切茶税的唯一开端。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_local_chronicle",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_japan_early",
      "title": "Japanese Tea: A Historical Overview",
      "url": "https://www.city.ureshino.lg.jp/kanko/_32090/_32152/_32342/_32343.html",
      "publisher": "日本嬉野市",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_passage_read",
      "locator": "Japanese Tea: A Historical Overview，第二至三句",
      "scope_note": "仅采用平安时代传茶及815年永忠奉茶的历史概述；该页将植物起源写成2200年前的导语不采用。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅采用平安时代传茶及815年永忠奉茶的历史概述；该页将植物起源写成2200年前的导语不采用。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_local_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_korea_goryeo",
      "title": "Celadon and Tea and Alcohol Culture",
      "url": "https://www.museum.go.kr/ENG/contents/E0201080200.do?relicId=27171&schM=view&showHallId=757",
      "publisher": "韩国国立中央博物馆",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "Celadon Gallery exhibition text",
      "scope_note": "高丽时期茶作为礼物、仪式用品，制饮方式及青瓷茶具；不主张高丽是半岛最早饮茶年代。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "高丽时期茶作为礼物、仪式用品，制饮方式及青瓷茶具；不主张高丽是半岛最早饮茶年代。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_korea_teahouses",
      "title": "Special Exhibition: Goryeo — The Glory of Korea",
      "url": "https://www.museum.go.kr/ENG/contents/E0606010000.do?arcId=14705&catCustomType=united&schM=view",
      "publisher": "韩国国立中央博物馆",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": "2018-12-11",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "The third part: A Place for Tea",
      "scope_note": "高丽茶馆、文人交游与日常文化。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "高丽茶馆、文人交游与日常文化。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_song_bowls",
      "title": "臺大藝術史研究所藏品展：宋代茶盞特展",
      "url": "https://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/node/393",
      "publisher": "国立台湾大学图书馆／艺术史研究所",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "宋代茶盞特展簡介",
      "scope_note": "宋代点茶步骤、蔡襄、建盏与青白瓷并存；宋代“白茶”不等于现代白茶工艺类别。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "宋代点茶步骤、蔡襄、建盏与青白瓷并存；宋代“白茶”不等于现代白茶工艺类别。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "university_museum_exhibition",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_tea_horse",
      "title": "《双城记：成都·宜宾》特展顺利开幕",
      "url": "https://www.cdmuseum.com/xinwen/202011/1836.html",
      "publisher": "成都博物馆",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "宋代茶马贸易段",
      "scope_note": "宋代四川与云南、青海、西藏、甘肃之间官方和民间茶马贸易；不据此指定整条古道单一开通年。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "宋代四川与云南、青海、西藏、甘肃之间官方和民间茶马贸易；不据此指定整条古道单一开通年。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_eisai",
      "title": "喫茶養生記：Museum note",
      "url": "https://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/f4132910852d33e4a936373066effadc.pdf",
      "publisher": "东洋文库博物馆",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_pdf_passage_read",
      "locator": "喫茶養生記，1211年成立（1694年刊）",
      "scope_note": "1211年成书、1694年刊本及荣西将茶纳入养生论；只作思想史，不支持医学疗效。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1211年成书、1694年刊本及荣西将茶纳入养生论；只作思想史，不支持医学疗效。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_document_description",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_npm_asia",
      "title": "芳茗遠播—亞洲茶文化展",
      "url": "https://south.npm.gov.tw/ExhibitionsDetailC003110.aspx?Cond=75f1b120-653c-41b7-9656-d5b54401e2b8",
      "publisher": "国立故宫博物院南部院区",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "明人雅集；清代品茗；煎茶茗讌；台灣工夫茶",
      "scope_note": "本时间线限取1391年贡茶转向、清宫奶茶、17世纪日本叶茶与台湾工夫茶传播；不把散茶出现归于1391年。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "本时间线限取1391年贡茶转向、清宫奶茶、17世纪日本叶茶与台湾工夫茶传播；不把散茶出现归于1391年。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_dpm_ming",
      "title": "茶·世界：茶文化特展",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/subject_tea/index.html",
      "publisher": "故宫博物院",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "明代饮茶文化；历代茶叶生产区域；茶的古名与异名",
      "scope_note": "仅取明代文人品茗审美、清代产区与品种格局及古代“荼”字多义性；不把整页当作所有年代的通用依据。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅取明代文人品茗审美、清代产区与品种格局及古代“荼”字多义性；不把整页当作所有年代的通用依据。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_yixing",
      "title": "「啜茶未？」——康熙皇帝的紫砂壶",
      "url": "https://www.npm.gov.tw/NewChineseArtDownload.ashx?bid=3531",
      "publisher": "国立故宫博物院；王亮钧",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_pdf_passage_read",
      "locator": "故宫文物月刊第422期，第126页",
      "scope_note": "明代散茶瀹泡传统与紫砂壶兴起、康熙御用宜兴胎珐琅壶；不涉及吴经墓断代或茶宠。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "明代散茶瀹泡传统与紫砂壶兴起、康熙御用宜兴胎珐琅壶；不涉及吴经墓断代或茶宠。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_collection_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_japan_chanoyu",
      "title": "The Japanese Tea Ceremony",
      "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/ko/essays/the-japanese-tea-ceremony",
      "publisher": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "The tea ceremony as it is known today emerged in the sixteenth century",
      "scope_note": "16世纪茶会的社会作用、千利休与侘寂审美及中日韩器物的重新评价。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "16世纪茶会的社会作用、千利休与侘寂审美及中日韩器物的重新评价。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_scholarly_essay",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_fermentation_history",
      "title": "茶饮有道的历史进程：明清工艺论述",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/journal/261619.html?_list=1",
      "publisher": "故宫博物院院刊；郑培凯",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "record_and_indexed_abstract_read",
      "locator": "2023年第9期，论文摘要；与所附PDF为同一文献",
      "scope_note": "该篇摘要说明明清以芽叶冲泡为主、清代以后闽赣皖山区发酵工艺发展；不据此把所有红茶或乌龙工艺统定为清代首创。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "该篇摘要说明明清以芽叶冲泡为主、清代以后闽赣皖山区发酵工艺发展；不据此把所有红茶或乌龙工艺统定为清代首创。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_scholarly_article",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_europe_met",
      "title": "Coffee, Tea, and Chocolate in Early Colonial America",
      "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/it/essays/coffee-tea-and-chocolate-in-early-colonial-america",
      "publisher": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art；Beth Carver Wees",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": "2003-10-01",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "Opening paragraphs and teaware discussion",
      "scope_note": "约1610年荷兰贸易输入欧洲、17世纪北美消费与器物；不把其前欧洲无人听闻茶写成绝对事实。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "约1610年荷兰贸易输入欧洲、17世纪北美消费与器物；不把其前欧洲无人听闻茶写成绝对事实。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_scholarly_essay",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_britain_rct",
      "title": "Tea in the Royal Collection",
      "url": "https://www.rct.uk/collection/stories/tea-in-the-royal-collection",
      "publisher": "Royal Collection Trust",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_passage_read",
      "locator": "Tea first appeared in Britain in the 1650s",
      "scope_note": "17世纪50年代伦敦咖啡馆供茶及英国茶器消费的历史。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "17世纪50年代伦敦咖啡馆供茶及英国茶器消费的历史。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "royal_collection_interpretation",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_great_tea_route",
      "title": "The Mongolian section of the Great Tea Route",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6817",
      "publisher": "蒙古常驻UNESCO代表团／UNESCO世界遗产中心预备清单",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": "2025-04-09",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "Description；Date of Submission 09/04/2025",
      "scope_note": "17世纪至20世纪初中蒙俄陆路贸易网络、驼队与驿站。2025年提交的是预备清单，不是已列入世界遗产。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "17世纪至20世纪初中蒙俄陆路贸易网络、驼队与驿站。2025年提交的是预备清单，不是已列入世界遗产。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_nomination_tentative_list",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_sugar_slavery",
      "title": "An anti-slavery sugar bowl",
      "url": "https://www.vam.ac.uk/blog/museum-life/an-anti-slavery-sugar-bowl",
      "publisher": "Victoria and Albert Museum",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "The sugar boycotts；Domestic goods as agents of protest",
      "scope_note": "18—19世纪茶糖消费与西印度种植园奴隶制的联系、反糖抵制；不把所有茶产地劳工等同于奴隶制。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "18—19世纪茶糖消费与西印度种植园奴隶制的联系、反糖抵制；不把所有茶产地劳工等同于奴隶制。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_collection_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_boston",
      "title": "Boston Tea Party Timeline",
      "url": "https://home.nps.gov/articles/000/boston-tea-party-in-real-time.htm",
      "publisher": "U.S. National Park Service",
      "source_kind": "research_institution_resource",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "1773 timeline；December 16 and December 17",
      "scope_note": "1773年茶法、波士顿毁茶及其争议；不是“茶饮导致独立战争”的单因果论。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1773年茶法、波士顿毁茶及其争议；不是“茶饮导致独立战争”的单因果论。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_historical_site_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_india_kew",
      "title": "The history of tea: From China to India",
      "url": "https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/the-history-of-tea-from-china-to-india",
      "publisher": "Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew；Andrew Butterworth",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": "2015-10-02",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "The beginnings of tea in India；A Christmas discovery；A fortunate spy",
      "scope_note": "Singpho既有茶知识、1834年阿萨姆茶调查及1848年福琼受雇赴华；不采用本页未独立核实的利润、死亡或市场占比数字。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "Singpho既有茶知识、1834年阿萨姆茶调查及1848年福琼受雇赴华；不采用本页未独立核实的利润、死亡或市场占比数字。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "botanical_library_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_assam_labour_archive",
      "title": "IOR/L/E/7/903 File 1548",
      "url": "https://searcharchives.bl.uk/catalog/041-003421894",
      "publisher": "British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_catalogue_read",
      "locator": "File contents",
      "scope_note": "1901年劳工迁移法、1905年劳工问题材料、1906年阿萨姆劳工调查报告的档案目录；目录不能代替全文或量化伤亡证据。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1901年劳工迁移法、1905年劳工问题材料、1906年阿萨姆劳工调查报告的档案目录；目录不能代替全文或量化伤亡证据。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_archive_catalogue",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_opium_archives",
      "title": "Hong Kong and the Opium Wars",
      "url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/teaching-resources/hong-kong-and-the-opium-wars/",
      "publisher": "The National Archives, UK",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_transcripts_read",
      "locator": "Source 2：1830 accounts；Source 3：FO 228/4；Background",
      "scope_note": "东印度公司茶贸易账目、1836年鸦片奏折译件与战争档案。用于多因素关系；不以茶需求免除殖民政策责任。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "东印度公司茶贸易账目、1836年鸦片奏折译件与战争档案。用于多因素关系；不以茶需求免除殖民政策责任。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_archive_with_curatorial_context",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_srilanka_1867",
      "title": "Tea Saves the Day",
      "url": "https://srilankateaboard.lk/ceylon-tea/history-of-ceylon-tea/tea-saves-the-day/",
      "publisher": "Sri Lanka Tea Board",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "Tea Saves the Day，James Taylor and Loolecondera",
      "scope_note": "1866年萎凋试验、咖啡病害后的茶业转向；1867商业节点另见锡兰茶博物馆年表。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1866年萎凋试验、咖啡病害后的茶业转向；1867商业节点另见锡兰茶博物馆年表。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_srilanka_labour",
      "title": "Mature Industry",
      "url": "https://srilankateaboard.lk/ceylon-tea/history-of-ceylon-tea/mature-industry/",
      "publisher": "Sri Lanka Tea Board",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "Paragraphs on ownership, labour and auctions",
      "scope_note": "公司化庄园、经纪拍卖、南印度裔契约劳工、茶的全年用工与殖民产业结构。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "公司化庄园、经纪拍卖、南印度裔契约劳工、茶的全年用工与殖民产业结构。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_industry_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_cutty_sark",
      "title": "History of Cutty Sark",
      "url": "https://www.rmg.co.uk/cutty-sark/history",
      "publisher": "Royal Museums Greenwich",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "Why was Cutty Sark built?；Why did Cutty Sark stop trading tea?",
      "scope_note": "1869年建造、1870年首航装茶与苏伊士运河和蒸汽船的竞争；不采用其茶树产地绝对化导语。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1869年建造、1870年首航装茶与苏伊士运河和蒸汽船的竞争；不采用其茶树产地绝对化导语。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_object_and_industry_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_teabag_patent",
      "title": "US723287A — Tea-leaf holder",
      "url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US723287A/en",
      "publisher": "美国专利原件；Google Patents数字化展示",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": "1903-03-24",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_full_patent_read",
      "locator": "Filing date；Publication date；Specification",
      "scope_note": "Roberta C. Lawson和Mary McLaren的1901年申请、1903年授权及单杯网袋设计；不据此断言唯一发明者或商业普及年。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "Roberta C. Lawson和Mary McLaren的1901年申请、1903年授权及单杯网袋设计；不据此断言唯一发明者或商业普及年。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_patent_record",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_kenya",
      "title": "Tea Board of Kenya Draft Strategic Plan 2023–2027",
      "url": "https://www.teaboard.or.ke/images/downloads/TBK%20Draft%20Strategic%20Plan%202023%20-%202027.pdf",
      "publisher": "Tea Board of Kenya",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_pdf_passage_read",
      "locator": "1.4 Historical Background",
      "scope_note": "仅取Historical Background：1903年引种、1924年商业化、殖民限制与独立后小农扩张。规划目标不当成已发生事实。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅取Historical Background：1903年引种、1924年商业化、殖民限制与独立后小农扩张。规划目标不当成已发生事实。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_industry_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_ctc",
      "title": "Leaf-Distortion-/Maceration",
      "url": "https://kkhsou.ac.in/web/teaworld/page-details.php?name=Leaf-Distortion-%2FMaceration&page=6173cec2eef5e05f716f5f2b9",
      "publisher": "Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University，Tea World",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_passage_read_direct_fetch_failed",
      "locator": "CTC manufacture / McKercher",
      "scope_note": "1930年前后CTC机与随后推广，叶片机械破碎及氧化控制；年份为大学技术史归纳。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1930年前后CTC机与随后推广，叶片机械破碎及氧化控制；年份为大学技术史归纳。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "university_technical_history",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_tricaas",
      "title": "本所简介",
      "url": "https://tri.caas.cn/bsgk/bsjj/index.htm",
      "publisher": "中国农业科学院茶叶研究所",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "建所时间；机构设置",
      "scope_note": "1958年9月建所及现代种质、栽培、加工、质量检测等研究范围；不采用机构自述排名。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1958年9月建所及现代种质、栽培、加工、质量检测等研究范围；不采用机构自述排名。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_institutional_record",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_rtd_itoen",
      "title": "History of ITO EN",
      "url": "https://www.itoen-global.com/about_us/history/timeline.html",
      "publisher": "ITO EN",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "1980s；1990s",
      "scope_note": "仅取公司自身1980年罐装乌龙茶、1985年罐装绿茶及1996年500毫升PET茶上市记录；不把企业“世界第一”当作已独立证实。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "仅取公司自身1980年罐装乌龙茶、1985年罐装绿茶及1996年500毫升PET茶上市记录；不把企业“世界第一”当作已独立证实。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_company_product_record",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_bubbletea",
      "title": "珍珠奶茶",
      "url": "https://tcmb.culture.tw/zh-tw/detail?id=2195564&indexCode=Culture_Invisible",
      "publisher": "国家文化记忆库；建档单位国立台湾历史博物馆",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_description_read_live_page_shell",
      "locator": "珍珠奶茶说明",
      "scope_note": "珍珠奶茶约于1980年代出现及奶茶加粉圆的形式；不裁定首创店铺或个人。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "珍珠奶茶约于1980年代出现及奶茶加粉圆的形式；不裁定首创店铺或个人。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "museum_cultural_record",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_genome2017",
      "title": "The Tea Tree Genome Provides Insights into Tea Flavor and Independent Evolution of Caffeine Biosynthesis",
      "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167420521730103X",
      "publisher": "Molecular Plant",
      "source_kind": "research_institution_resource",
      "published_on": "2017-06-05",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_abstract_read",
      "locator": "Abstract；DOI 10.1016/j.molp.2017.04.002",
      "scope_note": "2017年茶树参考基因组、风味代谢和咖啡因合成研究；不能将基因机制当成饮茶疗效。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "2017年茶树参考基因组、风味代谢和咖啡因合成研究；不能将基因机制当成饮茶疗效。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "peer_reviewed_original_research",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_tea_day",
      "title": "International Tea Day：A/RES/74/241",
      "url": "https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3847853?ln=ar",
      "publisher": "United Nations General Assembly",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": "2020-01-20",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_document_record_read",
      "locator": "A/RES/74/241；adoption date",
      "scope_note": "2019年12月19日通过决议；联合国国际茶日的法定日期与政策目标。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "2019年12月19日通过决议；联合国国际茶日的法定日期与政策目标。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_un_resolution",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_tea_day_fao",
      "title": "First International Tea Day sees call for joint action to ensure sustainability of tea sector",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/director-general/news/details/First-International-Tea-Day-sees-call-for-joint-action-to-ensure-sustainability-of-tea-sector-/en",
      "publisher": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations",
      "source_kind": "source_material",
      "published_on": "2020-05-22",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "21 May 2020, Rome；first observance",
      "scope_note": "2020年5月21日首次联合国国际茶日纪念；小农生计、可持续价值链与气候挑战。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "2020年5月21日首次联合国国际茶日纪念；小农生计、可持续价值链与气候挑战。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_international_organization",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_fao2024",
      "title": "Intergovernmental Group on Tea, 25th Session",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/markets-and-trade/commodities-overview/intergovernmental-groups/fao-intergovernmental-group-on-tea/intergovernmental-group-on-tea-%2825th-session%29/en",
      "publisher": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations",
      "source_kind": "government_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "indexed_page_text_read",
      "locator": "List of Documents",
      "scope_note": "2024年1月31日至2月2日会议议题：贸易质量、小农、农残、气候变化、碳足迹；目录能证明议程，不能代替各报告结论。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "2024年1月31日至2月2日会议议题：贸易质量、小农、农残、气候变化、碳足迹；目录能证明议程，不能代替各报告结论。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "primary_intergovernmental_meeting_record",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    },
    {
      "id": "th_srilanka_timeline",
      "title": "A time line of History of Ceylon Tea",
      "url": "https://www.ceylonteamuseum.com/timeline-of-the-history.html",
      "publisher": "Ceylon Tea Museum",
      "source_kind": "museum_record",
      "published_on": null,
      "checked_on": "2026-10-12",
      "access_status": "page_text_read",
      "locator": "1867—1883 entries",
      "scope_note": "1867年Loolecondera商业茶园；19世纪加工、经纪和拍卖节点。仅用于已核的早期产业年表。",
      "source_scope_notes": [
        "1867年Loolecondera商业茶园；19世纪加工、经纪和拍卖节点。仅用于已核的早期产业年表。"
      ],
      "evidence_level": "official_museum_chronology",
      "media_license": "not_verified",
      "verified_in_version": "0.4.0"
    }
  ]
}